Primary Brain Tumors

  

Primary Brain Tumors

Primary brain tumors originate in the brain itself or in tissues close to it, such as in the brain-covering membranes (meninges), cranial nerves, pituitary gland or pineal gland.
Primary brain tumors begin when normal cells acquire errors (mutations) in their DNA. These mutations allow cells to grow and divide at increased rates and to continue living when healthy cells would die.
The result is a mass of abnormal cells, which forms a tumor.
Primary brain tumors are much less common than are secondary brain tumors, in which cancer begins elsewhere and spreads to the brain.
Many different types of primary brain tumors exist. Each gets its name from the type of cells involved. Examples include:

 Gliomas

 glioma at frontal lobe

These tumors begin in the brain or spinal cord and include astrocytomas, ependymoma, glioblastomas, oligoastrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.

 

 

 

 

meningioma at porterior fossa

 

Meningiomas

A meningioma is a tumor that arises from the membranes that surround your brain and spinal cord (meninges). Most meningiomas are benign.

Acoustic neuromas (schwannomas)

These are benign tumors that develop on the nerves that control balance and hearing leading from the inner ear to the brain.

Pituitary adenomas

These are mostly benign tumors that develop in the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. These tumors can affect the pituitary hormones with effects throughout the body.

 

Medulloblastomas 

These are the most common malignant brain tumors in children. A medulloblastoma starts in the lower back part of the brain and tends to spread through the spinal fluid. These tumors are less common in adults, but they do occur

Pilocytic Astrocyto at IV ventricle

 

PNETs

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are rare, malignant tumors that start in embryonic (fetal) cells in the brain. They can occur anywhere in the brain.

 

Germ cell tumors

Germ cell tumors may develop during childhood where the testicles or ovaries will form. But sometimes germ cell tumors move to other parts of the body, such as the brain.

 

Craniopharyngiomas

These rare, generally benign tumors start near the brain's pituitary gland, which secretes hormones that control many body functions. As the craniopharyngioma slowly grows, it can affect the pituitary gland and other structures near the brain.

 

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